Does the portable fixed dynamometry had good- excellent test-retest reliability?
Answer: Y...
What does the portable fixed dynamometer measure?
What does the portable fixed dynamometer measure?
Answer: Measures strength at peak torque of isometric contraction using a load cell fixed on...
What are some disadvantages of isokinetic dynamometry?
What are some disadvantages of isokinetic dynamometry?
Answer:
- Expensive
- Not portable
- involved pt prep
- Extensive training of therapists
-...
What are some advantages of isokinetic dynamometry?
What are some advantages of isokinetic dynamometry?
Answer:
- Reliable and valid
- Measures concentric, eccentric, isometric contraction...
What kind of torque is produced at faster velocity settings?
What kind of torque is produced at faster velocity settings?
Answer: Faster velocity settings result in lower concentric torque values than slower...
Which body segments should be stabilized?
Which body segments should be stabilized?
Answer: Proxima...
Where should the joints line up to on the machine?
Where should the joints line up to on the machine?
Answer: To the machine axe...
Can muscle fatigue be measured by isokinetic dynamometry?
Can muscle fatigue be measured by isokinetic dynamometry?
Answer: Ye...
What is the output of isokinetic dynamometry?
What is the output of isokinetic dynamometry?
Answer: Max torque but work and power can be calculated to...
What does isokinetic dynamometry measure?
What does isokinetic dynamometry measure?
Answer: Torque and ROM as a function of time
...
What type of contractions can be measured by isokinetic dynamometry?
What type of contractions can be measured by isokinetic dynamometry?
Answer: Concentric and eccentri...
Would you set the degrees per second higher or lower for an active person?
Would you set the degrees per second higher or lower for an active person?
Answer: Highe...
What kind of contraction is measured when velocity is set at zero degrees?
What kind of contraction is measured when velocity is set at zero degrees?
Answer: Isometric contractio...
What is a isokinetic dynamometry?
What is a isokinetic dynamometry?
Answer: Stationary device that controls velocity of a body segment by resisting and measuring the pt's effort,...
What are examples of isokinetic dynamometry?
What are examples of isokinetic dynamometry?
Answer: Cybex, biode...
How are force plates set up?
How are force plates set up?
Answer: Rigid platform with strain gauge or piezoelectric transduce...
Can force plates measure COP?
Can force plates measure COP?
Answer: Ye...
What do force plates measure?
What do force plates measure?
Answer: Force plates measure ad quantify GRF vectors in A-P, M-L vertical directions to assess balance, gai...
How does a force plate work?
How does a force plate work?
Answer: Floor reacts with equal intensity and opposite direction of forces produced by the weight bearing limb (newton's...
How is an electrogoniometer set up?
How is an electrogoniometer set up?
Answer: 2 end blocks connected by flexible cable containing optical fibers (mounted where skin moves lea...
How may planes can electrogoniometers measure movement in?
How may planes can electrogoniometers measure movement in?
Answer: 2 plane...
What do electrogoniometers measure?
What do electrogoniometers measure?
Answer: Dynamic joint displacement of wrist, neck, elbow , hip, knee, back (dynamic AROM...
How many readings should you take when using the JAMAR?
How many readings should you take when using the JAMAR?
Answer: 3 readings per ha...
What are your instructions to your pt on how to begin the test (using the JAMAR)
What are your instructions to your pt on how to begin the test (using the JAMAR)
Answer: Ask pt to squeeze as long and hard as possibl...
What can you do as the therapist to negate the effects of gravity when using the JAMAR?
What can you do as the therapist to negate the effects of gravity when using the JAMAR?
Answer: Rest the base of the JAMAR on my (therapist's)...
After you seat the pt, what should you do as the therapist?
After you seat the pt, what should you do as the therapist?
Answer: Demonstrate how to use the JAMAR and fit the instrument to pt's comfortable...
How do you prep the pt when using JAMAR?
How do you prep the pt when using JAMAR?
Answer: Pt seated in chair, elbow flexed to 90 degrees, forearm supported with wrist over edge in neutral...
What are some disadvantages to the JAMAR?
What are some disadvantages to the JAMAR?
Answer:
- Heavy
- Requres 3-4lbs of force for indicator to move (not appropriate for frail)
- Greater error...
Which hand is stronger?
Which hand is stronger?
Answer: Dominant hand can be 10% stronge...
What has low grip strength been associated with?
What has low grip strength been associated with?
Answer:
- Premature mortality
- Development of disability
- Increased complications after hospitalization...
The JAMAR utilizes what kind of system?
The JAMAR utilizes what kind of system?
Answer: Closed hydraulic syste...
The JAMAR measures grip strength in what units?
The JAMAR measures grip strength in what units?
Answer: Pounds and kilogram...
What are some disadvantages of handheld dynamometry?
What are some disadvantages of handheld dynamometry?
- Poor interrater reliability
- Lacking standardization
- Increased pt prep time
- Outcome varies...
What are some advantages of the handheld dynamometry?
What are some advantages of the handheld dynamometry?
Answer:
- Clinically easy to use
- Relatively inexpensive
- More objective than MMT
- Can measure...
Handheld dynamometry is more reliable with which extremities?
Handheld dynamometry is more reliable with which extremities?
Answer: Upper extremit...
If there is a difference of more than 20%, this would indicate what?
If there is a difference of more than 20%, this would indicate what?
Answer: Abnormalit...
What position should the pt be in when using handheld dynamometry?
What position should the pt be in when using handheld dynamometry?
Answer: Gravity minimized/eliminated position to reduce the effect of segment...
What can affect the force measure?
What can affect the force measure?
- Make or break test
- Pt position in relation to gravity
- Joint angle
- Lever arm
- Pt stabilization
- PTs s...
Which test results in higher values with handheld dynamometry?
Which test results in higher values with handheld dynamometry?
Answer: Break tes...
What is the make test?
What is the make test?
Answer: Push against resistance in a max isometric contractio...
What is the Beak test?
What is the Beak test?
Answer: Hold a position until resistance overpowers the muscle (eccentric contraction...
What is a hand held dynamometer?
What is a hand held dynamometer?
Answer: Portable device to measure mechanical force at the point of applicatio...
Why are handheld dynamometers helpful?
Why are handheld dynamometers helpful?
Answer: If a pt is producing higher torque, can be harder to distinguish differences with just MM...
What kind of amputee does better with stair descent?
What kind of amputee does better with stair descent?
Answer: T...
What happens during stair descent with a prosthesis?
What happens during stair descent with a prosthesis?
Answer: Front 1/3 to 1/2 pf prosthetic foot off step for reciprocal pattern (land on ar...
What kind of amputee may be able to perform stairs reciprocally?
What kind of amputee may be able to perform stairs reciprocally?
Answer: TF...
Why might stair negotiation be difficult for people with parkinson's?
Why might stair negotiation be difficult for people with parkinson's?
Answer: Struggle with initiation, smaller anticipatory postural adjustment...
What is a tactic that people with OA utilizare to negotiate stairs?
What is a tactic that people with OA utilizare to negotiate stairs?
Answer: Compensate with deviation which increases fall ris...
Why might stair negotiation be difficult for people with OA?
Why might stair negotiation be difficult for people with OA?
Answer: Need 60 degrees of flexion to negotiate stair...
How much hip flexion occurs at initial swing of swing limb advancement in stair descent?
How much hip flexion occurs at initial swing of swing limb advancement in stair descent?
Answer: 40 degrees of hip flexion (moving into exte...
How much knee flexion occurs at initial swing of swing limb advancement in stair descent?
How much knee flexion occurs at initial swing of swing limb advancement in stair descent?
Answer: 80 to 90 degrees of knee flexion (moving into...
During swing limb advancement of stair descent, which muscles are activated in order to prep for initial contact?
During swing limb advancement of stair descent, which muscles are activated in order to prep for initial contact?
Answer: Hip extensors and ...
During swing limb advancement of stair descent, how much PF is at end of swing?
During swing limb advancement of stair descent, how much PF is at end of swing?
Answer: 20 degrees of plantar flexio...
Which muscle is activated by the foot rising during swing limb advancement of stair descent?
Which muscle is activated by the foot rising during swing limb advancement of stair descent?
Answer: Tibialis anterio...
What happens to the trailing limb plantar flexors during swing limb advancement of stair descent?
What happens to the trailing limb plantar flexors during swing limb advancement of stair descent?
Answer: Elastic recoil, 20 degrees of DF to...
During single limb support of stair descent, which muscles restrain the rate of knee flexion?
During single limb support of stair descent, which muscles restrain the rate of knee flexion?
Rectus femoris and vasti...
During single limb support of stair descent, what kind of moment is experiences at the knee and ankle?
During single limb support of stair descent, what kind of moment is experiences at the knee and ankle?
Answer: Internal extensor momen...
During single limb support of stair descent, which muscles co contract with the hamstrings?
During single limb support of stair descent, which muscles co contract with the hamstrings?
Answer: Knee extensor...
Which muscles activate during single limb support of stair descent in order to assist with balance control until terminal stance?
Which muscles activate during single limb support of stair descent in order to assist with balance control until terminal stance?
Answer: Tibialis...
When does single limb support of stair descent begin?
When does single limb support of stair descent begin?
Answer: When contralateral foot lifts off the groun...
Once the shock is absorbed during weight acceptance of stair descent, which muscles ensure stable stance of hip of the stance limb
Once the shock is absorbed during weight acceptance of stair descent, which muscles ensure stable stance of hip of the stance limb
Answer: Glute...
Once the shock is absorbed during weight acceptance of stair descent, the extensors of what joint are activated?
Once the shock is absorbed during weight acceptance of stair descent, the extensors of what joint are activated?
Answer: Knee extensors are ...
Once the shock is absorbed during weight acceptance of stair descent, how much does knee flexion increase?
Once the shock is absorbed during weight acceptance of stair descent, how much does knee flexion increase?
Answer: Goes from 10-15 degrees of...
Once the shock is absorbed during weight acceptance of stair descent, how much DF is there?
Once the shock is absorbed during weight acceptance of stair descent, how much DF is there?
Answer: Goes from 20 degrees of PF to 10 degrees...
During weight acceptance of stair decent, how much hip flexion occurs during at initial contact?
During weight acceptance of stair decent, how much hip flexion occurs during at initial contact?
Answer: 20 degrees of hip flexio...
During weight acceptance of stair decent, how much knee flexion occurs during at initial contact?
During weight acceptance of stair decent, how much knee flexion occurs during at initial contact?
Answer: 10-15 degrees of knee flexio...
During weight acceptance of stair decent, how much plantar flexion occurs during at initial contact?
During weight acceptance of stair decent, how much plantar flexion occurs during at initial contact?
Answer: 20 degrees of plantar flexio...
Which muscle restrains forward motion of the hip and knee and prepares limb for initial contact during swing limb advancement of stair ascent?
Which muscle restrains forward motion of the hip and knee and prepares limb for initial contact during swing limb advancement of stair ascent?
An...
What does the hip do during terminal swing of stair ascent in order to position the limb over the tread?
What does the hip do during terminal swing of stair ascent in order to position the limb over the tread?
Answer: Past retrac...
During swing limb advancement of stair ascent, when does the knee begin extension for next initial contact?
During swing limb advancement of stair ascent, when does the knee begin extension for next initial contact?
Answer: During late mid swin...
During swing limb advancement of stair ascent, how many degrees of DF does the ankle have during initial swing?
During swing limb advancement of stair ascent, how many degrees of DF does the ankle have during initial swing?
Answer: 10 degrees of D...
During swing limb advancement of stair ascent, how much is the knee flexed during initial swing?
During swing limb advancement of stair ascent, how much is the knee flexed during initial swing?
Answer: 80-95 degrees of flexio...
During swing limb advancement of stair ascent, how much is the hip flexed during initial swing?
During swing limb advancement of stair ascent, how much is the hip flexed during initial swing?
Answer: Hip is flexed 65-70 degree...
Which muscle flexes the knee during pre swing of stair ascent?
Which muscle flexes the knee during pre swing of stair ascent?
Answer: Bicep femoris short hea...
Which muscles are concentrically plantar flexing the ankle?
Which muscles are concentrically plantar flexing the ankle?
Answer: Gastroc and soleu...
What is the progression of the ankle during swing limb advancement of stair ascent?
What is the progression of the ankle during swing limb advancement of stair ascent?
Answer: From 5 degrees of DF to 20 degrees of PF in pre ...
When does swing limb advancement begin during stair ascent?
When does swing limb advancement begin during stair ascent?
Answer: When there is foot contact of contralateral foot on stair above reference...
During single limb support of stair ascent, what moments are happening at the ankle?
During single limb support of stair ascent, what moments are happening at the ankle?
Answer: Progressing from neutral to plantar flexor mome...
Which muscle is primarily controlling extension of the hip and knee during single limb support of stair ascent?
Which muscle is primarily controlling extension of the hip and knee during single limb support of stair ascent?
Answer: Bicep femoris long h...
When is there an internal flexor moment during single limb support of stair ascent?
When is there an internal flexor moment during single limb support of stair ascent?
Answer: From terminal stance to pre - swin...
During single limb support of stair ascent, when is there peak hip & knee extension (about 10* flexion)
During single limb support of stair ascent, when is there peak hip & knee extension (about 10* flexion)
Answer: Terminal Stanc...
What kind of extensor moment dominates the first half of SLS?
What kind of extensor moment dominates the first half of SLS?
Answer: Internal extensor momen...
When is the first GRF peak?
When is the first GRF peak?
Answer: During single limb suppor...
When is single limb support initiated for stair ascent?
When is single limb support initiated for stair ascent?
Answer: Contralateral toe of...
During stair ascent, when is the knee joint loaded maximally?
During stair ascent, when is the knee joint loaded maximally?
Answer: 60 degrees of flexio...
When in stair ascent, what happens to the joint moment during 20-50% of stance?
When in stair ascent, what happens to the joint moment during 20-50% of stance?
Answer: Joint moment drops to zer...
During stair ascent, when is there an internally induced extensor moment at the hip and knee?
During stair ascent, when is there an internally induced extensor moment at the hip and knee?
Answer: Between loading response and midstanc...
During the initial 20% of stance in stair ascent, the hip and knee are experiencing what kind of flexion moment?
During the initial 20% of stance in stair ascent, the hip and knee are experiencing what kind of flexion moment?
Answer: Externally induce...
During weight acceptance of stair ascent, which hip muscles are increasing stability and weight transfer?
During weight acceptance of stair ascent, which hip muscles are increasing stability and weight transfer?
Answer: Hip abductor...
During weight acceptance of stair ascent, which hip extensor is preventing an anterior drawer of the tibia?
During weight acceptance of stair ascent, which hip extensor is preventing an anterior drawer of the tibia?
Answer: Hamstri...
During weight acceptance of stair ascent, which specific hip and knee extensors are working concentrically?
During weight acceptance of stair ascent, which specific hip and knee extensors are working concentrically?
Answer: Lower glute med, adductor...
How many degrees of hip and knee flexion are there in weight acceptance of stair ascent?
How many degrees of hip and knee flexion are there in weight acceptance of stair ascent?
Answer: 60 degrees of flexio...
During initial (forefoot) contact of weight acceptance (stair ascent), how many degrees of DF are there?
During initial (forefoot) contact of weight acceptance (stair ascent), how many degrees of DF are there?
Answer: 5- 10 which progresses to 12...
What are the 3 periods in stair negotiation?
What are the 3 periods in stair negotiation?
Answer: WA, SLS, SL...
During stair ascent the stance limb elevates while the swing limb does what?
During stair ascent the stance limb elevates while the swing limb does what?
Answer: Passes 2 risers and tread of stance lim...
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