Hysteresis is a measure of

Hysteresis is a measure of



A. Time lag between loading and unloading
B. Time lag between applied force and resultant deformation
C. Energy stored in the material during deformation
D. Energy dissipated from the material during deformation




Answer: D

Which of the following statement(s) is/are true about collagens?

Which of the following statement(s) is/are true about collagens?




A. Molecules (tropocollagen) are linked with adjacent molecules via hydrogen bond
B. Triple helical structure
C. It accounts for ~25-30% of all protein in the body
D. A and C
E. B and C






Answer: E

The problem associated with the modeling of material viscoelastic behavior using Maxwell elements alone is that the material would seem to

The problem associated with the modeling of material viscoelastic behavior using Maxwell elements alone is that the material would seem to




A. Exhibit no stress relaxation in response to a step strain input
B. Exhibit no creep in response to a step stress input
C. Exhibit infinite creep in response to a step stress input
D. None of the choice is correct





Answer: C

The problem associated with modeling of material viscoelastic behavior using Kelvin-Voigt elements alone is that the material would seem to

The problem associated with modeling of material viscoelastic behavior using Kelvin-Voigt elements alone is that the material would seem to



A. Exhibit no stress relaxation in response to a step strain input
B. Exhibit no creep in response to a step stress input
C. Exhibit infinite creep in response to a step stress input
D. None of the choice is correct





Answer: A

In quantitative gait analysis, challenges in subject calibration (relating markers attached on body to underlying anatomical coordinate systems) arise because of the subjects'

In quantitative gait analysis, challenges in subject calibration (relating markers attached on body to underlying anatomical coordinate systems) arise because of the subjects'





A. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
B. Obesity
C. Cerebral palsy
D. None of the above




Answer: B

For the question above, the corresponding bending moment diagram would look like

For the question above, the corresponding bending moment diagram would look like 


{A cantilever beam is supporting a load as shown in the figure on the right {Point load at x=L}. The corresponding shear force diagram would look like: Constant, positive}



A. Linear, positive, decreasing
B. Parabolic, negative, increasing
C. Linear, negative, increasing
D. Constant, positive



Answer: C

For the question above, the corresponding bending moment diagram would look like:

For the question above, the corresponding bending moment diagram would look like:




{A cantilever beam is supporting a uniformly distributed loss as shown in the figure on the right. The corresponding shear force diagram would look like: Linear, positive, decreasing}





A. Linear, positive, decreasing
B. Parabolic, negative, increasing
C. Linear, negative, increasing
D. Constant, positive



Answer: B

For the results obtained from the question above, the corresponding load is: q = (q_o*x)/L}

{Suppose that a beam is subjected to bending and the bending moment is given by M_z = [(-q_ox^3)/(6L)], the corresponding shear force is: V = [(-q_ox^2)/(2L)]}

For the results obtained from the question above, the corresponding load is: q = (q_o*x)/L}





A. Downward triangular distribution decreasing left to right
B. Downward triangular distribution increasing left to right
C. Upward triangular distribution decreasing left to right
D. Upward triangular distribution increasing left to right




Answer: B

Under pure torsion (normal stresses in the z- and theta- directions are zero), the principal stresses and the angle alpha_p (with respect to z-theta coordinates) are:

Under pure torsion (normal stresses in the z- and theta- directions are zero), the principal stresses and the angle alpha_p (with respect to z-theta coordinates) are:




A. s_1,2 = ±s_ztheta = ±Tr/J and alpha_p = 0
B. s_1,2 = ±s_ztheta = ±Tr/J and alpha_p = pi/2
C. s_1,2 = 0 and alpha_p = pi/2
D. s_1,2 = ±s_ztheta = ±Tr/J and alpha_p = pi/4






Answer: D

Shear strain, e_xy is a measure of:

Shear strain, e_xy is a measure of:




A. Change in angle of coordinates between x and x' (e_xy = alpha)
B. Change in length in the x-direction divided by the original length in y-direction (e_xy = delta_x/y)
C. Average change in the angle of distortion on the xy-plane (e_xy = 1/2(gamma))
D. None of the above




Answer: C

When trabecular bone is under compression, trabeculae (small strut-like structure) break gradually and fill the pores in-between. This phenomenon makes the stress-strain curve exhibit

When trabecular bone is under compression, trabeculae (small strut-like structure) break gradually and fill the pores in-between. This phenomenon makes the stress-strain curve exhibit





A. Rise in the beginning
B. Region of constant stress over a wide range of strain
C. Rise in the end
D. B and C
E. A, B and C





Answer: D

In the case for "There is no relative motion between the bone and prosthesis and the Young's modulus is greater for the prosthesis." The assumption used is called

In the case for "There is no relative motion between the bone and prosthesis and the Young's modulus is greater for the prosthesis." The assumption used is called





A. Displacement ambiguity
B. Displacement admissibility
C. Displacement compatibility
D. Displacement gradients





Answer: C

The correct reason behind the answer "A. Stress is greater in prosthesis than in bone, but strain is the same in both." is that

The correct reason behind the answer "A. Stress is greater in prosthesis than in bone, but strain is the same in both." is that 



A. There is a relative motion between the bone and prosthesis and the Young's modulus is greater for the bone.
B. There is no relative motion between the bone and prosthesis and the Young's modulus is greater for the bone.
C. There is a relative motion between the bone and prosthesis and the Young's modulus us greater for the prosthesis
D. There is no relative motion between the bone and prosthesis and the Young's modulus is greater for the prosthesis.





Answer: D

The figure (a) above shows a metal hip prosthesis that replaced a damaged femoral head. When this hip is subjected to loading with force, f,

The figure (a) above shows a metal hip prosthesis that replaced a damaged femoral head. When this hip is subjected to loading with force, f,






A. Stress is greater in prosthesis than in bone, but strain is the same in both.
B. Stress is greater in bone than in prosthesis, and strain is also greater in bone than in prosthesis.
C. Stress is the same in both bone and prosthesis, and strain is also the same in both.
D. Stress is the same in both the bone and prosthesis, but strain is greater in bone than in prosthesis.






Answer: A

A material s said to exhibit non-homogenous behavior if it depends on

A material s said to exhibit non-homogenous behavior if it depends on




A. the orientation of the material during testing
B. the position within the material
C. the loading rate (how fast/slow the force is applied to the material).
D. A and B
E. A, B and C






Answer: B

A material is said to exhibit elastic behavior if

A material is said to exhibit elastic behavior if




A. the length of the specimen is the same before and after a cycle of loading and unloading.
B. The strain response to a stress input is instantaneous
C. the material dissipates energy as it deforms
D. A and B
E. A, B and C






Answer: D

When subjected to planar, equibiaxial, tensile forces (same magnitude in two orthogonal directions) a cartilage tissue with dominant collagen fiber orientation in one direction will exhibit

When subjected to planar, equibiaxial, tensile forces (same magnitude in two orthogonal directions) a cartilage tissue with dominant collagen fiber orientation in one direction will exhibit



A. Equal extension in both directions
B. Equal contraction in both directions
C. Greater extension in cross-fiber direction
D. Greater extension in fiber direction





Answer: C

When the components of a displacement vector u (u_x, u_y), is given by u_x = (a-1)X + 2bY and u_y = 2(a-1)X+bY where a = 1.001 and b = 0.002 through this displacement, the original point X(X,Y) = X(1,1) will move to a new location x(x,y) =

When the components of a displacement vector u (u_x, u_y), is given by
u_x = (a-1)X + 2bY and u_y = 2(a-1)X+bY
where a = 1.001 and b = 0.002
through this displacement, the original point X(X,Y) = X(1,1) will move to a new location x(x,y) = 



A. x(1.004, 1.002)
B. x(1.004, 1.002)
C. x(1.005, 1.004)
D. x(1.005, 1.002)





Answer: C

A displacement vector, u (ux,uy), is used to track the motion of a particle and quantifies the difference between two points in space, the current position (denoted by position vector x) and the original position (denoted by the position vector X). The relationship between the two position vectors is then

A displacement vector, u (ux,uy), is used to track the motion of a particle and quantifies the difference between two points in space, the current position (denoted by position vector x) and the original position (denoted by the position vector X). The relationship between the two position vectors is then




A. u = x - X
B. u = X - x
C. u = x + X
D. u = x * X




Answer: A

In 3-D, the exact measure of Green strain has

In 3-D, the exact measure of Green strain has



A. 3 independent components
B. 6 independent components
C. 9 independent components
D. 12 independent components






Answer: B

The modern concept of stress defined in the 19th century states that stress is a measure of a force acting over an oriented area. Thus, it carries information about two directions (of area and of force), which means that mathematically stress is a

The modern concept of stress defined in the 19th century states that stress is a measure of a force acting over an oriented area. Thus, it carries information about two directions (of area and of force), which means that mathematically stress is a 



A. Tensor
B. Vector
C. Scalar
D. Fraction






Answer: A

In an image showing the posterior view of the left forearm in supination (palm is hidden from the view), radius and ulna are:

In an image showing the posterior view of the left forearm in supination (palm is hidden from the view), radius and ulna are:





A. Crossed with each other and radius on top
B. Crossed with each other and ulna on top
C. Parallel with each other and radius on right
D. Parallel with each other and radius on left





Answer: D

Figure 2 above shows the state of 2-D stress at a point, p, computed in reference to two different coordinate systems (x-y and x'-y'). As angle alpha between the two coordinate systems increases, the value of sigma'_xx + sigma'_yy

Figure 2 above shows the state of 2-D stress at a point, p, computed in reference to two different coordinate systems (x-y and x'-y'). As angle alpha between the two coordinate systems increases, the value of sigma'_xx + sigma'_yy 



A. Increases compared to sigma_xx + sigma_yy
B. Decreases compared to sigma_xx + sigma_yy
C. Stays the same as sigma_xx + sigma_yy
D. Changes, but it is not a function of alpha





Answer: C

BMI (body mass index) is calculated by

BMI (body mass index) is calculated by




A. weight divided by height
B. weight divided by the square of height
C. weight multiplied by the square of height
D. the square of weight divided by height






Answer: B

Your grade for BIOE 3200 will be calculated based on

Your grade for BIOE 3200 will be calculated based on 




A. Quiz, paper, oral presentation, final exam
B. Quiz, homework, paper, oral presentation
C. Quiz, paper, homework, final exam
D. Quiz, attendance, oral presentation, homework





Answer: A

Osteoarthritis is characterized by

Osteoarthritis is characterized by 



A. Weakening of bone
B. Narrowing of blood vessel that supplies blood to heart
C. Wear of cartilage
D. none of the choices are correct




Answer: C

When a dwarf person lifts a dumbbell (performs arm curl), assuming that the weight of the dumbbell is the same and weight of the arm itself proportional to his/her size,

When a dwarf person lifts a dumbbell (performs arm curl), assuming that the weight of the dumbbell is the same and weight of the arm itself proportional to his/her size,




A. He/she uses more energy than an average-size person to do the same work.
B. He/she ends up doing less work than an average size person.
C. Both of the statements are true.
D. Neither of the statements is true.




Answer: B